Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is known to cause a subset, although not sufficient, of cervical cancer. In this article, we review current data and synthesize evidence on major risk factors associated with cervical HPV infection. A descriptive analysis of etiology and pathogenesis of the HPV infections is contributed in recognizing all the important determinants risks. A model that categorizes the viral genetic factors, as well as, the role of host genes and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of HPV infection is the only way to identify the biological mechanism of pathogenesis. Awareness of risk factors, are vital to achieving improved outcomes for patients with this increasingly prevalent cervical HPV infection.
 

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